Two distinct roots collapsed into one spelling: Ó Catháin, lords of the Derry coast, and separately Ó Céin in Clare, Galway and Waterford.
The Keane certificate.
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Gaelic Origin · Root meaning ‘ancient, venerable’
Keane most often anglicises one of two entirely separate names: Ó Catháin, lords of the Keenaght district on the Derry coast, or Ó Céin, from cian (‘ancient, long-standing’), held by unrelated families across Clare, Galway and Waterford.
One spelling now covers two histories that never once crossed paths — which root is yours comes down entirely to which county your family called home.
Irish form: Ó Catháin