From Ó Grugáin — the root could be gruag, ‘hair’, or grug, ‘fierceness’, the record doesn't settle which. First found in County Roscommon.
The Croghan certificate.
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Gaelic Origin · County Roscommon
Croghan anglicises Ó Grugáin, though the byname underneath it has two honest readings — gruag, ‘hair’, or grug, ‘fierceness’ — and the surviving record doesn't settle which one it was. The family held a seat in County Roscommon, in the province of Connacht, from very early times.
Two possible meanings, one honest gap in the record — a name whose ancestors likely knew exactly which one it was, even if we no longer do.
Irish form: Ó Grugáin